china rutile titanium dioxide r6618 t

In 2017, French researchers from the Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRAE) were among the first to examine the effects of E171 nanoparticles on the body. They fed rats a dose of 10mg of E171 per kilogram of body weight per day, which was similar to human exposure in food. The research, which was published in Scientific Reports, showed that E171 was able to traverse the intestinal barrier, pass into the bloodstream, and reach other areas of the body in rats. Researchers also found a link between immune system disorders and the absorption of titanium dioxide nanoparticles. 

...

In conclusion, the use of food-safe titanium dioxide in manufacturing poses both promises and perils. While it is an effective and affordable whitening agent, there are concerns regarding its potential health risks when consumed in large quantities over a long period of time. To address these concerns, it is important for manufacturers to take steps to ensure the safe use of TiO2 in their products, and for regulatory agencies to establish stronger guidelines and regulations regarding its use.

...

TiO2 comes in many different forms. However, only a few of these forms are considered food-grade (acceptable to be added to food). Many studies that raised concern about the safety of TiO2, including the concern for genotoxicity, used forms of TiO2 that are not considered acceptable for use in food and have different properties than food-grade TiO2. Other studies did use food-grade TiO2, but took steps to break the material down into smaller particles than what would normally be found in food.

...